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Synthetic cannabinoids are synthetic analogs of natural cannabinoids. They are used in cannabinoid research, as medicines and in designer drugs (such as synthetic cannabis). == History == The first synthetic cannabinoids were synthesized by Roger Adams in the early 1940s. Early cannabinoid research concentrated on THC as the main psychoactive and analgesic compound in cannabis. Non-psychoactive cannabinoids such as CBD are less well studied, besides being legal in many jurisdictions. Most synthetic cannabinoids are analogs of THC. The first generation of THC analogs (nabilone, nabitan, nantradol) featured slight variations of the THC molecule, such as esterifying the phenolic hydroxy group, extending and branching of the pentyl side chain, or substituting nitrogen for oxygen in the benzopyran ring. These analogs can be grouped into classical (HU-210), bicyclic (CP-55,940), and tricyclic (CP-55,244). Tritium-labelled cannabinoids such as ()CP-55,940 were instrumental in discovering the cannabinoid receptors in the early 1990s. Nabilone entered the clinic in 1981 as an antiemetic. Synthetic THC (marinol, dronabinol) entered the clinic in 1985 as an antiemetic and again in 1991 as an appetite stimulant. The second generation of THC analogs features compounds derived from anandamide (metanandamide), indole (WIN 55,212-2), pyrrole, pyrazole (SR-141716A), and indene (BAY 38-7271). HU-210 is apparently the most active cannabinoid used at present. It is up to 800 times more active than THC in mice. AM-404 (a paracetamol metabolite) is an inhibitor of endocannabinoid cellular uptake, prolonging their effects. Nabitan, O-1057 and TMA are water-soluble. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Synthetic cannabinoid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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